"Apple Inc. flouted copyright law when it used pirated materials and copies of e-books sold on its own books app to train its AI tool Apple Intelligence, a pair of State University of New York professors alleged in a federal lawsuit.

Apple’s OpenELM model, one of several comprising Apple Intelligence, was trained on datasets including a pirated database called Books3 that contains the professors’ works, Susana Martinez-Conde and Stephen L. Macknik said in a proposed class action filed Thursday in the US District Court for the Northern District of California.

Apple “continues to retain private AI training-data, including pirated books,” to train future models without compensating rightsholders or seeking their consent, the professors said. The licensing market for AI training data is valued at roughly $2.5 billion and may reach nearly $30 billion within a decade, they added.

Claims that downloading materials from online “shadow libraries” infringes copyrights have cropped up across lawsuits on model training against a range of AI companies—including another proposed class action filed against Apple last month. Plaintiffs have specifically alleged infringement using the Books3 dataset in lawsuits against Meta Platforms Inc. and Anthropic PBC..."

Read more here...

This article was originally published in Bloomberg Law.